What scientific concept would improve everybody's cognitive toolkit?
(Condensed from the original version)
164+ Contributors
Answers beyond Edge by: Michael Tobis
Answers at Edge by: Daniel Kahneman, Richard Dawkins, V.S. Ramachandran, Richard Thaler, Brian Eno, J. Craig Venter, Martin Rees, Mahzarin Banaji, Stefano Boeri, Nigel Goldenfeld, Dimitar Sasselov, Gary Marcus, Eric Weinstein, Neri Oxman, David Pizarro, Andrew Revkin, Stuart Firestein, Beatrice Golomb, Diane Halpern, Kevin Hand, Barry Smith, Kevin Hand, Garrett Lisi, David Dalrymple, Xeni Jardin, Seth Lloyd, Brian Knutson, Carl Page, Victoria Stodden, David Rowan, Hazel Rose Markus & Alana Conner, Fiery Cushman, David Eagleman, Joan Chiao, Max Tegmark, Tecumseh Fitch, Joshua Greene, Stephon Alexander, Gregory Cochran, Tor Norretranders , Laurence Smith, Carl Zimmer, Roger Highfield, Marcelo Gleiser, Richard Saul Wurman, Anthony Aguirre, Sam Harris, P.Z. Myers, Sue Blackmore, Bart Kosko, David Buss, John Tooby, Eduardo Salcedo-Albaran, Paul Bloom, Evgeny Morozov, Mark Pagel, Kathryn Schulz, Ernst Pöppel, Tania Lombrozo, Paul Saffo, Jay Rosen, Timothy Taylor, Jonah Lehrer, Marco Iacoboni, Dave Winer, George Church, Kai Krause, Gloria Origgi, Tom Standage, Vinod Khosla, Dan Sperber, Geoffrey Miller, Satyajit Das, Alun Anderson, Eric Topol, Amanda Gefter, Scott D. Sampson, John McWhorter, Jon Kleinberg, Christine Finn, Nick Bostrom, Robert Sapolsky, Adam Alter, Ross Anderson, Paul Kedrosky, Mark Henderson, Thomas A. Bass, Gerald Smallberg, James Croak, Greg Paul, Susan Fiske, Marti Hearst, Keith Devlin, Gerd Gigerenzer, Matt Ridley, Andrian Kreye, Don Tapscott, David Gelernter, Linda Stone, Matthew Ritchie, Joel Gold, Helen Fisher, Giulio Boccaletti, Daniel Goleman, Donald Hoffman, Richard Foreman, Lee Smolin, Thomas Metzinger, Lawrence Krauss, William Calvin, Nicholas Christakis, Alison Gopnik, Kevin Kelly, Clay Shirky, Andy Clark, Neil Gershenfeld, Jonathan Haidt, Marcel Kinsbourne, Douglas Rushkoff, Lisa Randall, Frank Wilczek, Jaron Lanier, Jennifer Jacquet, Daniel Dennett, Stephen M. Kosslyn, Carlo Rovelli, Juan Enriquez, Terrence Sejnowski, Irene Pepperberg, Michael Shermer, Samuel Arbesman, Douglas Kenrick, James O'Donnell, David G. Myers, Rob Kurzban, Richard Nisbett, Samuel Barondes, Hans Ulrich Obrist, Nicholas Carr, Emanuel Derman, Aubrey De Grey, Nassim Taleb, Rebecca Goldstein, Clifford Pickover, Charles Seife, Rudy Rucker, Sean Carroll, Gino Segre, Jason Zweig, Dylan Evans, Steven Pinker, Martin Seligman, Gerald Holton, Robert Provine, Roger Schank, George Dyson, Milford Wolpoff, George Lakoff, Nicholas Humphrey, Christian Keysers, Haim Harari, W. Daniel Hillis, John Allen Paulos, Bruce Hood, Howard Gardner
- Michael Tobis - Coherence
- Howard Gardner - "How Would You Disprove Your Viewpoint?!"
- BRUCE HOOD - Haecceity
- JOHN ALLEN PAULOS - A Probability Distribution
- W. DANIEL HILLIS - Possibility Spaces: Thinking Beyond Cause and Effect
- Haim Harari - The Edge of the Circle
- CHRISTIAN KEYSERS - The Mirror Fallacy
- NICHOLAS HUMPHREY - The "Multiverse"
- GEORGE LAKOFF - Conceptual Metaphor
- MILFORD H. WOLPOFF - GIGO
- GEORGE DYSON - Analog Computing
- ROGER SCHANK - Experimentation
- ROBERT R. PROVINE - TANSTAAFL
- GERALD HOLTON - Skeptical Empiricism
- MARTIN SELIGMAN - PERMA
- STEVEN PINKER - Positive-Sum Games
- DYLAN EVANS - The Law of Comparative Advantage
- JASON ZWEIG - Structured Serendipity
- GINO SEGRE - Gedankenexperiment
- SEAN CARROLL - The Pointless Universe
- RUDY RUCKER - The World is Unpredictable
- CHARLES SEIFE - Randomness
- CLIFFORD PICKOVER - Kaleidoscopic Discovery Engine
- REBECCA NEWBERGER GOLDSTEIN - Inference To The Best Explanation
- Nassim Taleb - Antifragility — or— The Property Of Disorder-Loving Systems
- AUBREY DE GREY - A Sense Of Proportion About Fear Of The Unknown
- EMANUEL DERMAN - Pragmamorphism
- Nicholas Carr - Cognitive Load
- HANS ULRICH OBRIST - To Curate
- SAMUEL BARONDES - Each Of Us Is Ordinary, And Yet One Of A Kind
- RICHARD NISBETT - "Graceful" SHA's
- ROB KURZBAN - Externalities
- DAVID G. MYERS - Self-Serving Bias
- JAMES O'DONNELL - Everything Is In Motion
- DOUGLAS T. KENRICK - Subselves and the Modular Mind
- SAMUEL ARBESMAN - The Copernican Principle
- MICHAEL SHERMER - Think Bottom Up, Not Top Down
- IRENE PEPPERBERG - Fixed-Action Patterns: Using The Study Of Animal Instinct As A Metaphor For Human Behavior
- TERRENCE SEJNOWSKI - Powers of 10
- JUAN ENRIQUEZ - Life Code
- CARLO ROVELLI - The Uselessness of Certainty
- STEPHEN M. KOSSLYN - Constraint Satisfaction
- Daniel Dennett - Cycles
- JENNIFER JACQUET - Keystone Consumer
- JARON LANIER - Cumulative Error
- FRANK WILCZEK - Hidden Layers
- LISA RANDALL - "Science"
- DOUGLAS RUSHKOFF - Technologies Have Biases
- MARCEL KINSBOURNE - The Expanding In-Group
- JONATHAN HAIDT - Contingent Superorganism
- NEIL GERSHENFELD - Truth is a Model
- ANDY CLARK - Predictive Coding
- CLAY SHIRKY - Pareto Principle
- KEVIN KELLY - The Virtues of Negative Results
- ALISON GOPNIK - The Rational Unconscious
- NICHOLAS A. CHRISTAKIS - Holism
- WILLIAM CALVIN - Find That Frame
- LAWRENCE KRAUSS - Uncertainty
- THOMAS METZINGER - Phenomenally Transparent Self-Model
- LEE SMOLIN - Thinking In Time Versus Thinking Outside Of Time
- RICHARD FOREMAN - Negative Capability Is A Profound Therapy
- DONALD HOFFMAN - Sensory Desktop
- DANIEL GOLEMAN - Anthropocene Thinking
- GIULIO BOCCALETTI - Scale Analysis
- HELEN FISHER - Temperament Dimensions
- JOEL GOLD, M.D. - ARISE
- MATTHEW RITCHIE - Systemic Equilibrium
- LINDA STONE - Suspending Disbelief
- DAVID GELERNTER - Recursive Structure
- DON TAPSCOTT - Designing Your Mind
- ANDRIAN KREYE - Free Jazz
- MATT RIDLEY - Collective intelligence
- GERD GIGERENZER - Risk Literacy
- KEITH DEVLIN - Base rate
- MARTI HEARST - Findex
- SUSAN FISKE - An Assertion Is Often An Empirical Question, Settled By Collecting Evidence
- GREGORY PAUL - Scientists Should Be Scientists
- JAMES CROAK - Bricoleur
- GERALD SMALLBERG, MD - Bias Is The Nose For The Story
- THOMAS A. BASS - Open Systems
- MARK HENDERSON - Science's Methods Aren't Just For Science
- PAUL KEDROSKY - Shifting Baseline Syndrome
- ROSS ANDERSON - Science Versus Theatre
- ADAM ALTER - The "Cognitive Iceberg:" Humans Are Blind To Many Of The Processes That Shape Their Mental Lives
- NICK BOSTROM - Game of Life — And Looking For Generators
- ROBERT SAPOLSKY - The Lure Of A Good Story
- CHRISTINE FINN - Absence and Evidence
- JON KLEINBERG - E Pluribus Unum
- JOHN MCWHORTER - Path Dependence
- SCOTT D. SAMPSON - Interbeing
- AMANDA GEFTER - Duality
- ERIC TOPOL - Hunting for Root Cause: The Human "Black Box"
- ALUN ANDERSON - Homo Dilatus
- SATYAJIT DAS - Parallel Errors
- GEOFFREY MILLER - Personality traits are continuous with mental illnesses
- DAN SPERBER - Cultural Attractors
- VINOD KHOSLA - The Black Swan Technology
- TOM STANDAGE - You can show something is definitely dangerous, but not definitely safe
- GLORIA ORIGGI - Kakonomics, or the strange preference for Low-quality outcomes
- Kai Krause - Einstein's Blade in Ockham's Razor
- George Church - Non-Inherent Inheritance
- DAVE WINER - While We Are Social Creatures, It's Often Best Not To Admit It
- MARCO IACOBONI - Entanglement
- JONAH LEHRER - Control Your Spotlight
- TIMOTHY TAYLOR - Technology Came Before Humanity And, Evolutionarily, Paved The Way For It
- JAY ROSEN - Wicked Problems
- PAUL SAFFO - Time Span of Discretion
- TANIA LOMBROZO - Defeasibility
- ERNST PÖPPEL - A Cognitive Toolkit Full Of Garbage
- KATHRYN SCHULZ - The Pessimistic Meta-Induction from the History of Science
- MARK PAGEL - Knowledge
- EVGENY MOROZOV - Einstellung Effect
- PAUL BLOOM - Reason
- EDUARDO SALCEDO-ALBARÁN - Homo Sensus-Sapiens: The animal that feels and rationalizes
- JOHN TOOBY - Nexus causality, moral warfare and misattribution arbitrage.
- David Buss - Sexual Selection
- BART KOSKO - Q. E. D. Moments
- SUE BLACKMORE - Correlation is not a cause
- P.Z. MYERS - The Mediocrity Principle
- SAM HARRIS - We are Lost in Thought
- ANTHONY AGUIRRE - The Paradox
- RICHARD SAUL WURMAN - Objects of Understanding and Communication
- MARCELO GLEISER - We Are Unique
- ROGER HIGHFIELD - The Snuggle For Existence
- CARL ZIMMER - Life As A Side Effect
- LAURENCE C. SMITH - Innovation
- TOR NØRRETRANDERS - Depth
- GREGORY COCHRAN - The Veeck Effect
- STEPHON H. ALEXANDER - Duality and World Piece
- Joshua Greene - Supervenience!
- W. TECUMSEH FITCH - An Instinct to Learn
- Max Tegmark - Scientific Concept
- JOAN CHIAO - Diversity is Universal
- David Eagleman - The Umwelt
- FIERY CUSHMAN - Confabulation
- ALANA CONNER - The Culture Cycle
- DAVID ROWAN - Personal data mining
- Victoria Stodden - Phase Transitions And "Scale Transitions:" Conceptualizing Unexpected Changes Due To Scale
- CARL PAGE - The Power of 10
- BRIAN KNUTSON - Replicability
- SETH LLOYD - Living is fatal
- XENI JARDIN - Ambient Memory And The Myth Of Neutral Observation
- DAVID DALRYMPLE - Imformation Flow
- TIMO HANNAY - The Controlled Experiment
- GARRETT LISI - Uncalculated Risk
- Kevin Hand - The Gibbs Landscape
- BARRY C. SMITH - The Senses and the Multi-Sensory
- DIANE F. HALPERN - A Statistically Significant Difference in Understanding the Scientific Process
- Beatrice Golomb - The Dece(i)bo Effect
- Stuart Firestein - The Name Game
- ANDREW REVKIN - Anthropophilia
- DAVID PIZARRO - Everyday Apophenia
- NERI OXMAN - It Ain't Necessarily So
- ERIC WEINSTEIN - Kayfabe
- Gary Marcus - Cognitive Humility
- Dimitar Sasselov - The Other
- NIGEL GOLDENFELD - Because
- Stefano Boeri - Proxemic of Urban Sexuality
- MAHZARIN R. BANAJI - A Solution for Collapsed Thinking: Signal Detection Theory
- MARTIN REES - "Deep Time" And The Far Future
- J. CRAIG VENTER - We Are Not Alone In The Universe
- BRIAN ENO - Ecology
- RICHARD THALER - Aether
- V.S. RAMACHANDRAN - Chunks With "Handles"
- RICHARD DAWKINS - The Double-Blind Control Experiment
- DANIEL KAHNEMAN - Focusing Illusion: "Nothing In Life Is As Important As You Think It Is, While You Are Thinking About It"
